Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that causes adverse change. There are different types of pollution like air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, and land pollution. Water pollution is the pollution of bodies of water such as lakes, rivers, seas, oceans as well as groundwater. Earth is the only planet to have liquid water on its surface. About 71% of the earth’s surface is water-covered and the oceans hold about 96% of all earth’s water, only 2.5% of the water we can use for our essential things. The human body must require the nearest 3-liter of water every day. Water is one of the very important elements of our life and the environment. However, this is also a fact that Earth has a fixed amount of water on its surface. Water has the nature to change its state in the form of rain, snow, fog, etc. This entire process takes place in a cycle which is called the water cycle.
Earth comprises about 70% of water, whereas humans and animals consume only 1% of fresh and healthy water for drinking. Humans consume freshwater for daily activities, so we should be serious about protecting it from pollution.
Water pollution is a serious environmental problem prevailing in our society. Human-made activities like intensive agriculture, urbanization, deforestation, and industrialization have escalated water bodies’ pollution.
The disposal of industrial wastes should be meted through the dumping of biologically decomposable wastes and the recycling of non-decomposable waste at an industrial and household level. There are many reasons for water pollution. Some of the reasons are directly affected by water pollution and some indirectly. Many factories and industries are dumping contaminated water, chemicals, and heavy metals into major waterways as a result of direct water pollution. One more reason for water pollution is the use of modern techniques on farms. Farmers apply nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium in the form of chemical fertilizers, manure, and sludge. It causes farms to discharge large quantities of agrochemicals, organic matter, and saline drainage into water bodies. It indirectly affects water pollution. Pollutants can be of various types such as organic, inorganic, radioactive, etc. Water pollutants are discharged either from one point from pipes, channels, etc. Which are called point sources or from various other sources. They can be agricultural areas, industries, etc., called dispersed sources.
Water Pollution Essay for Class 10
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